Corneal Ulcer

A corneal ulcer is an open sore that forms on the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye that covers the iris and pupil. The cornea plays a critical role in vision by focusing light into the eye, so any damage to this area can affect your ability to see clearly. Corneal ulcers are typically painful and can cause redness, tearing, and blurred vision. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to prevent permanent vision loss.

What is a Corneal Ulcer?

Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections commonly cause corneal ulcers. They can also develop from eye trauma, such as scratches or foreign objects, or from wearing contact lenses for extended periods. In some cases, conditions like dry eye, severe allergies, or autoimmune diseases can increase the risk of corneal ulcers.

People who wear contact lenses are especially vulnerable, as improper lens care or overwearing lenses can introduce harmful bacteria into the eye, leading to infection. Regardless of the cause, corneal ulcers are a medical emergency and require immediate attention.

The Symptoms

The symptoms of a corneal ulcer can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but they typically include:

• Severe eye pain
• Redness
• Excessive tearing
• Blurred vision
• Light sensitivity
• Eye discharge
• A feeling of something being stuck in the eye

Some individuals may also experience a white or grayish spot on the cornea that is visible to the naked eye. In more advanced cases, the eyelid may become swollen, and the affected eye may develop a visible ulcer or abscess. These symptoms can progress quickly, so it is important to seek medical help as soon as they appear.

Diagnosing Corneal Ulcers

Diagnosing a corneal ulcer involves a thorough eye examination by an eye care professional. During the exam, the doctor will use a slit-lamp microscope to closely examine the cornea and look for signs of infection or damage.

If an infection is suspected, a sample of the eye’s discharge or tears may be taken to determine the specific type of bacteria, virus, or fungus causing the ulcer. This information is critical for choosing the most effective treatment.

When to Worry About Corneal Ulcers

Corneal ulcers should always be taken seriously, as they can lead to severe complications, including permanent vision loss, if not treated promptly. If you experience any symptoms of a corneal ulcer, especially eye pain, redness, or blurred vision, it’s important to see an eye doctor immediately.

Ulcers left untreated can cause scarring of the cornea, which can impair vision or lead to blindness. Any sudden changes in vision or severe pain should be addressed immediately.

Treatment for Corneal Ulcers

Treatment for corneal ulcers depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Bacterial ulcers are typically treated with antibiotic eye drops, while viral ulcers may require antiviral medications. Fungal ulcers are treated with antifungal eye drops or oral medications.

It’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and avoid wearing contact lenses or touching the affected eye during treatment. If the ulcer does not respond to medication or the damage is extensive, surgery may be necessary to restore vision and repair the cornea.

Schedule Your Appointment

If you’re experiencing any symptoms of a corneal ulcer, don’t wait to seek professional care. At Total Eye Care, our experienced eye doctors can provide prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications and protect your vision. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and get the care you need to maintain healthy eyes.

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